{"product_id":"commiphora-monstruosa","title":"Commiphora monstruosa","description":"\u003ch2 data-path-to-node=\"0\"\u003eScientific Name\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"1\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-51\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-84\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"1\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-84\"\u003eCommiphora monstruosa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-84 citation-end-84\"\u003e (H.Perrier) Capuron\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"1\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-path-to-node=\"3\"\u003eGeographic \u0026amp; Climate\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"4\"\u003eGeographic Coordinates\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"5\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-52\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003eType Locality \/ Distribution Area:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003e Southwest Madagascar, primarily around Toliara (Tuléar) province, extending between latitudes \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"129\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003e23°15′S to 23°30′S\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003e and longitudes \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"5,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"163\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83\"\u003e43°35′E to 44°05′E\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-83 citation-end-83\"\u003e.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"2\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"6\"\u003eClimate Classification\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"7\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eClimate Zone:\u003c\/b\u003e Tropical Semi-Arid \/ Desert Climate (\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"7,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"51\"\u003eBSh \/ BWh\u003c\/b\u003e under the Köppen climate classification).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"8\"\u003eHabitat Characteristics\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"9\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"9,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"9,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eAltitude:\u003c\/b\u003e Low-elevation littoral and sub-littoral zones, ranging from \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"9,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"70\"\u003e5 to 150 meters\u003c\/b\u003e above sea level.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"9,1,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"9,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003ePrecipitation:\u003c\/b\u003e Highly erratic and minimal, averaging \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"9,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"53\"\u003e300–400 mm\u003c\/b\u003e annually. The region suffers from a severe, prolonged dry season lasting 8 to 9 months (typically from April to November).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"9,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"9,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eSoil Matrix:\u003c\/b\u003e Strictly lithophytic or xerophytic, growing in thin organic layers over tertiary limestone plateaus (Toliara coral rag structures) or skeletal, heavily drained calcareous red sands.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-path-to-node=\"11\"\u003eBotanical Morphology\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"12\"\u003eDiagnostic Features\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"13\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eBranching \u0026amp; Architecture:\u003c\/b\u003e Highly distinctive, intricate \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"56\"\u003ezig-zag (divaricating) branch topology\u003c\/b\u003e. Unlike typical upright \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"13,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"119\"\u003eCommiphora\u003c\/i\u003e trees, the terminal twigs are spine-tipped, acutely angled, and heavily interlocking.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-53\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eTrunk \u0026amp; Bark:\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-82 citation-end-82\"\u003e Forms a stout, gnarled, flask-shaped or semi-shrubby succulent pachycaul trunk (up to 15 cm in diameter).\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"3\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003cspan class=\"citation-81 citation-end-81\"\u003eThe outer bark is papery, metallic gray to deep purple-brown, peeling away in extremely thin, translucent horizontal curls to reveal a photosynthetic, green under-bark.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"4\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-54\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-80\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-80\"\u003eFoliage \u0026amp; Rachis:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-80 citation-end-80\"\u003e Leaves are small, pinnately compound, and seasonally deciduous.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"5\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e The crucial diagnostic feature differentiating it from mimicking sympatric genera (like \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"170\"\u003eOperculicarya\u003c\/i\u003e) is its \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"192\"\u003ecompletely unwinged (terete) leaf rachis\u003c\/b\u003e and fine, short velvety pubescence on the leaf surface. \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"13,3,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-55\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-79\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"13,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-79\"\u003eResin:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-79 citation-end-79\"\u003e Exudes a clear, intensely aromatic, volatile gum-resin upon mechanical wounding, characteristic of true Myrrh.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"6\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"14\"\u003eGrowth Habit\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"15\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"15,0,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-56\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-78\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"15,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-78\"\u003eDormancy Season:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-78 citation-end-78\"\u003e Strict winter\/dry season deciduous dormancy (typically entering leafless dormancy under cultivation from late autumn through early spring).\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"7\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"15,1,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-57\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-77\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"15,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-77\"\u003eGrowth Rate:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-77 citation-end-77\"\u003e Extremely slow-growing.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"8\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"15,2,0\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"15,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eUltimate Size:\u003c\/b\u003e In habitat, it forms a compact, highly branched shrub or small tree reaching \u003cb data-path-to-node=\"15,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"92\"\u003e1.0 to 1.5 meters\u003c\/b\u003e in height, making it highly prized for specimen-level bonsai training.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch2 data-path-to-node=\"17\"\u003eHistory \u0026amp; Etymology\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"18\"\u003eEtymology\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"19\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-58\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eGenus (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"7\"\u003eCommiphora\u003c\/i\u003e):\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-76\"\u003e Derived from the Greek words \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"49\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-76\"\u003ekommi\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-76\"\u003e (meaning \"gum\") and \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"19,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"75\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-76\"\u003e-phoros\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-76 citation-end-76\"\u003e (meaning \"bearing\" or \"carrying\"), referencing the resin-exuding nature of the family.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"9\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-59\"\u003e\u003cb data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\"\u003eSpecies (\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"9\"\u003emonstruosa\u003c\/i\u003e):\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-75\"\u003e From the Latin \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"19,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"37\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-75\"\u003emōnstrōsus\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-75 citation-end-75\"\u003e, meaning \"monstrous\" or \"strange\/unnatural,\" referring to its bizarrely contorted, gnarled, and interlocking zig-zag branch morphology.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"10\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3 data-path-to-node=\"20\"\u003eHistorical Context\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cul data-path-to-node=\"21\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"21,0,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-60\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-74\"\u003eThis species was originally discovered and described by the French botanist Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1944, who initially placed it within the genus \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"21,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"173\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-74\"\u003eOperculicarya\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-74\"\u003e due to its superficial vegetative similarities (\u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"21,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"235\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-74\"\u003eOperculicarya monstruosa\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-74 citation-end-74\"\u003e).\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"11\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"21,1,0\" id=\"p-rc_e720b635b7f65607-61\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-73\"\u003eIn 1962, the French forestry botanist René Paul Raymond Capuron published a critical revision in the journal \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ci data-path-to-node=\"21,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"109\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-73\"\u003eAdansonia\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003cspan class=\"citation-73 citation-end-73\"\u003e (sér.\u003csup class=\"superscript\" data-turn-source-index=\"12\"\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e 2, 2: 270), correctly transferring the species to \u003ci data-path-to-node=\"21,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"175\"\u003eCommiphora\u003c\/i\u003e after evaluating its distinct reproductive floral structures (dioecious flowers and typical 2-locular drupe fruits) and unwinged leaf rachis. \u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c!----\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-path-to-node=\"25,2,0\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"BotanicalCollector","offers":[{"title":"Same Size Shipped|H4-6cm|Seed-grown","offer_id":47809792114941,"sku":null,"price":20.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0785\/3552\/4605\/files\/IMG_3853.jpg?v=1783527705","url":"https:\/\/www.botanicalcollector.com\/products\/commiphora-monstruosa","provider":"BotanicalCollector","version":"1.0","type":"link"}